Finite-size effects on the dynamics of the zero-range process

We study finite-size effects on the dynamics of a one-dimensional zero-range process which shows a phase transition from a low-density disordered phase to a high-density condensed phase. The current fluctuations in the steady state show striking differences in the two phases. In the disordered phase, the variance of the integrated current shows damped oscillations in time due to the motion of fluctuations around the ring as a dissipating kinematic wave. In the condensed phase, this wave cannot propagate through the condensate, and the dynamics is dominated by the long-time relocation of the condensate from site to site.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, version published in Phys. Rev. E Rapid Communication

COMMIPHORA MUKUL EXTRACT AND GUGGULSTERONE EXHIBIT ANTITUMOUR ACTIVITY THROUGH INHIBITION OF CYCLIN D1, NF-Κß AND INDUCTION OF APOPTOSIS IN ORAL CANCER CELLS

ABSTRACTComiphora mukul, a promising medicinal plant and its constituent Guggulsterone (GS) is used in Ayurveda since decades. This study was aimed toinvestigate the anticancer potential of C. mukul and GS on oral cancer cell lines (SCC-4, KB). MTT assay was used to determine tumour cell proliferation,propidium iodide labeling and annexin V- binding, followed by flow cytometry was used to determine cell cycle and apoptosis of tumor cells aftertreatment. Expression of regulatory proteins such as NF-κß, cyclin D1, p53 and vascular endothelial growth factor was determined by western blot.C. mukul and GS significantly inhibited tumor cell growth, caused cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in both tumor cells. Such activities appeared to bedue to inhibition of NF-κß, cyclin D1and restoration of p53. Overall our data suggests that C. mukul and GS may be developed as chemopreventive andchemotherapeutic drug for oral cancer.Keywords: Commiphora mukul, Oral cancer, Antitumor, Cell cycle, Apoptosis, NF-κß, Cyclin D1, P53

Elastography evaluation of normal thyroid gland and its comparison with diffuse non nodular enlarged thyroid gland using strain ultrasound elastography

Background: The thyroid gland is located in the anterior part of neck, spanning between C5 and T1 vertebra and is located anterior to the thyroid and cricoids cartilage of larynx and first three tracheal rings. Ultrasonography has been widely used for diagnosis of thyroid disease it is highly regarded for its ease of use, real-time capability, portability and low cost.Methods: The current observational study was conducted in Department of Radiology, Dr. BRAM Hospital, Pt. JNM Medical College, Raipur, India. Consecutive sampling method was used for the study. All the cases coming to radiology department during the study period were taken as study subjects.Results: Of the normal subjects, author found 107 normal thyroid subjects and 53 patients were categorized into cases with diffuse non-nodular thyroid swelling groups. Of the diffuse thyroid swelling group about 85% of the study population is between 20-50 years of age group, 13.2% were 50 years of age. Females to male ratio for diffuse thyroid disease is 3.4:1.Conclusions: Ultrasound elastography (USE) is a newly developed non-invasive method to evaluate and compare the elasticity of the thyroid gland and other organs like liver, prostate, parotid, breast pathologies. Its use is based on the principle that pathological changes in a tissue also changes its elasticity

QSAR and Molecular Docking Studies on a Series of Cinnamic Acid Analogues as Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Inhibitors

Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) and docking studies have been performed on a large series of cinnamic acid analogues studied by various authors as Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) inhibitors. A multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis has shown that electronic properties of these compounds are the governing factors of their activity and docking study has shown that compounds can form hydrogen bonds with the receptor and have effective steric interactions involving dispersion forces. Using the MLR model, some new compounds were proposed that have higher potency than the existing ones.Declared non

To study the efficacy and safety of Vitamin D as an add-on therapy in patients of Type 2 diabetes mellitus on oral antidiabetic drugs

Background: Predominance of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing globally at an alarming rate. Therapies for Type 2 DM have improved but still there is a need for new insights to limit the progression of the disease. Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with many non-skeletal disorders including Type 2 DM, suggesting a role in pathogenesis of Type 2 DM. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the effect of Vitamin D as an add-on therapy in patients of Type 2 DM whose glycemic status was uncontrolled with oral antidiabetic drugs.Methods: This was a before and after, open labeled study of 12 weeks duration, conducted on 50 patients of Type 2 DM and Vitamin D deficiency. These patients were given 60,000 IU of Vitamin D3 orally/week for 12 weeks in addition to oral antidiabetic drugs. Effect of Vitamin D was observed on HbAIC, fasting blood glucose (FBG), 25(OH)D and calcium levels.Results: At the end of 12 weeks, a highly significant reduction (p<0.001) was seen in FBG levels and HbAIC decreased significantly (p<0.05). Highly significant (p<0.001) increase was observed in 25(OH)D levels and calcium levels increased significantly (p<0.05). No untoward side effect was observed in any of the patients.Conclusion: It establishes that Vitamin D therapy improves glycemic status thereby, delays the progression and consequently the complications of Type 2 DM. Therefore, supplementation of Vitamin D is a promising and safe adjuvant therapy in Vitamin D deficient Type 2 DM patients

Axisymmetric Creeping Flow of a Micropolar Fluid over a Sphere Coated with a Thin Fluid Film

Consideration is given to the problem of steady axisymmetric Stokes flow of a micropolar fluid past a sphere coated with a thin, immiscible Newtonian fluid layer. Inertial effects are neglected for both the outer fluid and the fluid film.The stream function solutions of the governing equations are obtained in terms of modified Bessel functions and Gegenbauer functions. The explicit expressions of flow fields are determined by applying the boundary conditions at the coated sphere interface and uniform velocity at infinity. The drag force experienced by the fluid-coated sphere is evaluated and its variation is studied with respect to various geometric and material parameters. It is found that a sphere without coating experience greater resistance in comparison to coated fluid. Some well-known results are then deduced from the present study